Java 14 and Java 17 are two significant releases in the Java platform, each introducing various improvements, features, and changes. Here are some key differences between Java 14 and Java 17.
1. Records (Java 14)
- Java 14 introduced records as a preview feature, providing a compact way to declare classes that are transparent holders for shallowly immutable data.
- Java 17 finalized records, making them a standard feature, and providing a more concise syntax for defining immutable data classes.
2. Pattern Matching for instanceof (Java 14)
- Java 14 introduced pattern matching for the instanceof operator as a preview feature, allowing simpler and more concise code when dealing with instanceof checks and type casting.
- Java 17 finalized pattern matching for instanceof, enhancing its capabilities and making it a standard feature.
3. Foreign-Memory Access API (Java 14)
- Java 14 introduced the Foreign-Memory Access API as an incubator feature, providing a way to access native memory outside of the Java heap.
- Java 17 further improved and stabilized the Foreign-Memory Access API, making it a standard feature.
4. Switch Expressions Enhancements (Java 14)
- Java 14 introduced enhancements to switch expressions, including allowing multiple constants in a single case label and introducing a new yield statement.
- Java 17 continued to refine switch expressions, introducing enhancements like switch expressions with multiple labels, and relaxed scoping for switch variables.
5. Garbage Collectors (Java 17)
- Java 14 included various garbage collectors, but Java 17 introduced further improvements and optimizations to existing garbage collectors, such as the Z Garbage Collector (ZGC).
6. Sealed Classes and Interfaces (Java 17)
- Java 17 introduced sealed classes and interfaces as a preview feature, providing more control over class and interface hierarchies, allowing developers to define which classes can be subtypes.
- Java 14 did not include sealed classes and interfaces.
7. Hidden Classes (Java 17)
- Java 17 introduced hidden classes, allowing classes to be hidden from the class loader and providing better encapsulation and security.
- Java 14 did not include hidden classes.
8. Long-Term Support (LTS) (Java 17)
- Java 17 is a Long-Term Support (LTS) release, providing extended support and stability for users who require a stable and reliable platform for an extended period.
- Java 14 was not an LTS release.
9. New APIs and Enhancements
- Both Java 14 and Java 17 include various new APIs, enhancements, bug fixes, and performance optimizations to improve developer productivity, efficiency, and the overall Java platform.
These are some of the key differences between Java 14 and Java 17. Each release brings improvements and new features that contribute to the evolution and enhancement of the Java platform.
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